Preheat oven to 400°F. Line a large, rimmed baking sheet with a silicone baking mat. Place the salmon skin-side down in the center of the baking sheet, then set the baking sheet aside.
Whisk together orange juice, honey, olive oil, vinegar, and garlic. Season with salt and pepper to taste, and brush over salmon fillets. (You will still have some of the mixture remaining.)
Add asparagus to the same bowl. Gently toss to coat the asparagus with the remaining orange juice mixture. Season with salt and pepper to taste.
Place asparagus and salmon in a single layer on the baking sheet. Place in the pre-heated oven and bake for 15-18 minutes, until the salmon is flaky and the asparagus has developed a bit of color. (Be careful not to overcook the salmon!)